止血帶污染產生的原因

　　以往國內醫院使用的膠管型止血帶，存在交叉使用，反復使用，保管隨意，不消毒或消毒不徹或消毒闇隔過長等普遍現象，造成止血帶污染嚴重等共性問題。具體表現為： 1、止血帶拾的病原菌遠超出《醫院消毒衛生標準》（GB15982—1995）4.2.3所規定的“接觸皮膚的醫療用品細菌菌落總數應≤200cfu/g或100平方厘米：致病性微生物不得檢出”要求，且檢驗出條件致病菌（對此國內大量文獻有報道）。 2、未按《醫院感染管理辦法》第三章第十二條（中華人民共和國衛生部48號令）要求的“接觸皮膚、粘膜的醫療器械、器具和物品必須達到消毒水平;各種用于穿刺、采血等有創操作的醫療器具必須一用一滅菌”的相關規定操作。 3、有研究表明，扁形止血帶比圓型止血帶能更好的減輕患者疼痛，提高穿刺成 功率。受國際化影響，國內一次性止血帶的應用范圍也將逐漸從以往軍用或野外“應急”止血使用向“常規”治療輸液、抽血，止血時使用過渡。
　　In the past, rubber hose tourniquets used in domestic hospitals had common problems, such as cross-use, repeated use, random storage, no disinfection or inadequate disinfection or too long hidden sterilization, which caused serious pollution of tourniquets. Specific manifestations are as follows: 1. The pathogenic bacteria collected by tourniquet far exceed the requirement of "the total number of bacterial colonies in medical articles contacting skin should be less than 200 cfu/g or 100 square centimeters: pathogenic microorganisms should not be detected" stipulated in "Hospital Disinfection Hygiene Standard" (GB15982-1995), and conditional pathogenic bacteria can be detected (which has been reported in a large number of domestic literatures). 2. Medical instruments, instruments and articles contacting skin and mucosa must reach disinfection level, and all kinds of medical instruments used for invasive operations such as puncture and blood collection must be sterilized in one use, which are not required by Article 12 of Article 3 of the Regulations on Hospital Infection Management (Decree No. 48 of the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China). 3. Studies have shown that flat tourniquet is better than round tourniquet in alleviating pain and improving the success rate of puncture. Influenced by internationalization, the scope of application of disposable tourniquet in China will gradually change from military or field "emergency" hemostasis to "routine" treatment of transfusion, bleeding, hemostasis.